Volume 18 Issue 2
Jun.  2025
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Article Navigation >  Water Science and Engineering  > 2025  >  18(2): 225-235
James Zulfan, Bobby Minola Ginting, Ravi Anthony Tartandyo. 2025: Evaluation of scale effects in physical modeling of combined ogee and sharp-crested weir flow using a 3D CFD model. Water Science and Engineering, 18(2): 225-235. doi: 10.1016/j.wse.2024.11.002
Citation: James Zulfan, Bobby Minola Ginting, Ravi Anthony Tartandyo. 2025: Evaluation of scale effects in physical modeling of combined ogee and sharp-crested weir flow using a 3D CFD model. Water Science and Engineering, 18(2): 225-235. doi: 10.1016/j.wse.2024.11.002
shu

Evaluation of scale effects in physical modeling of combined ogee and sharp-crested weir flow using a 3D CFD model

doi: 10.1016/j.wse.2024.11.002

  • a. Water Research Laboratory, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2093, Australia;

  • b. Technical Implementation Unit for Hydraulics and Geotechnics, Ministry of Public Works and Housing, Bandung, West Java 40135, Indonesia;

  • c. Department of Civil Engineering, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, West Java 40141, Indonesia;

  • d. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany

Funds:

This work was supported by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing of Indonesia and Parahyangan Catholic University (Grant No. II/PD/2023-07/02-SJ).

  • Received Date: 2024-06-12
  • Accepted Date: 2024-11-02
    • Available Online: 2025-06-24
    Abstract
  • Research on scale effects on flows over weirs has been conducted on a limited basis, primarily focusing on flows upstream of a single-type weir, such as ogee, broad-crested, and sharp-crested (linear and non-linear) weirs. However, the scale effects downstream of these single-type weirs have not been thoroughly investigated. This study examined the scale effects on flows over a combined weir system consisting of an ogee weir and a sharp-crested weir, both upstream and downstream, utilizing physical modeling at a 1:33.33 scale based on Froude similarity and three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. The sharp-crested weir in this study was represented by two sluice gates that remain closed and submerged during flood events. The experimental data confirmed that the equivalent discharge coefficients of the combined weir system behaved similarly to those of a sharp-crested weir across various H/P (where H is the total head, and P is the weir height) values. However, scale effects on the discharge rating curve due to surface tension and viscosity could only be minimized when H/P > 0.4, Re > 26 959, and We > 240 (where Re and We are the Reynolds and Weber numbers, respectively), provided that the water depth exceeded 0.042 m above the crest. Additionally, Re greater than 4 × 104 was necessary to minimize scale effects caused by viscosity in flows in the spillway channel and stilling basin (with baffle blocks). The limiting criteria aligned closely with existing literature. This study offers valuable insights for practical applications in hydraulic engineering in the future.

     

    • FullText(HTML)
  • loading
    • References(17)
  • [1]
    Aydin, I., Altan-Sakarya, A.B., Sisman, C., 2011. Discharge formula for rectangular sharp-crested weirs. Flow Meas. Instrum. 22(2), 144-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2011.01.003.
    [2]
    Castro-Orgaz, O., Hager, W.H., 2014. Scale effects of round-crested weir flow. J. Hydraul. Res. 52(5), 653-665. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2014.910277.
    [3]
    Celik, I.B., Ghia, U., Roache, P.J., Freitas, C.J., Coleman, H., Raad, P.E., 2008. Procedure for estimation and reporting of uncertainty due to discretization in CFD applications. J. Fluid Eng. 130(7), 078001. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2960953.
    [4]
    Chanson, H., 2009. Turbulent air-water flows in hydraulic structures: Dynamic similarity and scale effects. Environ. Fluid Mech. 9(2), 125-142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-008-9078-3.
    [5]
    Erpicum, S., Tullis, B.P., Lodomez, M., Archambeau, P., Dewals, B.J., Pirotton, M., 2016. Scale effects in physical piano key weirs models. J. Hydraul. Res. 54(6), 692-698. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2016.1211562.
    [6]
    Fais, L.M.C.F., Genovez, A.I.B., 2009. Discharge rating curve and scale effects correction in morning glory spillways. In: Zhang, C., Tang, H. (Eds.), Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering. Springer, Berlin, pp. 2041-2046. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89465-0_350.
    [7]
    Heller, V., 2011. Scale effects in physical hydraulic engineering models. J. Hydraul. Res. 49(3), 293-306. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2011.578914.
    [8]
    Novak, P., Moffat, A.I.B., Nalluri, C., Narayanan, R., 2007. Hydraulic Structures (4th Edition). CRC Press, London. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315274898.
    [9]
    Pedersen, OE., Fleit, G., Pummer, E., Tullis, B. P., Ruther, N., 2018. Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes modeling of submerged Ogee weirs. J. Irrigat. Drain. Eng. 144(1), 04017059. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0001266.
    [10]
    Pfister, M., Mattiace, E., De Cesare, G., Schleiss, A.J., 2013. Scale effects related to the rating curve of cylindrically crested piano key weirs. In: Erpicum, S., Laugier, F., Pfister, M., Pirotton, M., Cicero, G., Schleiss, A.J. (Eds.), Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs II. CRC Press, Leidon, pp. 73-82.
    [11]
    Salmasi, F., Abraham J., 2022. Discharge coefficients for ogee spillways. Water Supply 22(5), 5376-5392. https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.129.
    [12]
    Saneie, M., Sheikh Kazemi, J., Azhdary Moghaddam, M., 2016. Scale effects on the discharge coefficient of ogee spillway with an arc in plan and converging training walls. Civ. Eng. Infrastruct. J. 49(2), 361-374. https://doi.org/10.7508/ceij.2016.02.012.
    [13]
    Tartandyo, R.A., Ginting, B.M., Zulfan, J., 2023. Scale effects investigation in physical modeling of recirculating shallow flow using large eddy simulation technique. J. Appl. Fluid Mech. 17(1), 43-59. https://doi.org/10.47176/jafm.17.1.1980.
    [14]
    Torres, C., Borman, D., Matos, J., Neeve, D., 2022. CFD modeling of scale effects on free-surface flow over a labyrinth weir and spillway. J. Hydraul. Eng. 148(7), 4022011. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001989.
    [15]
    Tullis, B.P., Crookston, B.M., Young, N., 2020. Scale effects in free-flow nonlinear weir head-discharge relationships. J. Hydraul. Eng. 146(2), 04019056. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0001661.
    [16]
    Wang, H., Chanson, H., 2016. Self-similarity and scale effects in physical modelling of hydraulic jump roller dynamics, air entrainment and turbulent scales. Environ. Fluid Mech. 16(6), 1087-1110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-016-9466-z.
    [17]
    Zulfan, J., Ginting, B.M., 2021. Investigation of spillway rating curve via theoretical formula, laboratory experiment, and 3D numerical modeling: A case study of the Riam Kiwa dam, Indonesia. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 930, 012030. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/930/1/012030.
    • Relative Articles
    • Supplements(0)
    • Cited By
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索

    Figures(1)

    Get Citation
    PDF
    XML

    Article Metrics

    Article views (6) PDF downloads(0) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    Copyright © 2009 Editorial office of Water Science and Engineering 苏ICP备12023610号-1

    Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. Ltd   support: info@rhhz.net

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return