Volume 18 Issue 3
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Alaa El Din Mahmoud, Rominder Suri. 2025: Effective bromate removal from water utilizing ZIF-67 and ZIF-67/GO nanocomposites: Optimization and mechanism analysis. Water Science and Engineering, 18(3): 301-311. doi: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.06.001
Citation: Alaa El Din Mahmoud, Rominder Suri. 2025: Effective bromate removal from water utilizing ZIF-67 and ZIF-67/GO nanocomposites: Optimization and mechanism analysis. Water Science and Engineering, 18(3): 301-311. doi: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.06.001
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Effective bromate removal from water utilizing ZIF-67 and ZIF-67/GO nanocomposites: Optimization and mechanism analysis

doi: 10.1016/j.wse.2025.06.001

  • a. Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt;

  • b. Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt;

  • c. Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;

  • d. Water and Environmental Technology Center (WET), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA

  • Received Date: 2025-03-18
  • Accepted Date: 2025-06-10
    • Available Online: 2025-10-15
    Abstract
  • Bromate (BrO3-) is a toxic disinfection byproduct frequently formed during ozonation in water treatment processes and is classified as a potential human carcinogen. Its effective removal from drinking water is therefore a pressing concern for public health and environmental safety. This study investigated the removal of BrO3-from water using the synthesized zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIF)-67 and ZIF-67/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites through a comparative approach. The morphology, composition, and crystallinity of both ZIFs were characterized. The effects of four independent parameters (initial BrO3-concentration, pH, adsorbent dose, and contact time) on BrO-3 removal efficiency were examined. A strong correlation was observed between experimental and predicted values. GO enhanced BrO-3 removal not only through synergistic interactions with ZIF-67 but also by improving dispersion and providing additional functional groups that facilitate electrostatic interactions and adsorption. The Box—Behnken design was employed to evaluate both individual and interactive effects of the parameters on BrO3-removal, achieving an optimum removal efficiency of approximately 99.6% using 1.5 g/L of ZIF-67/GO at a pH value of 4 with an initial BrO3-concentration of 2 mg/L. The optimization process was further supported by desirability analysis. The BrO-3 removal mechanisms are primarily attributed to porosity, electrostatic interactions, and adsorption onto active sites. Compared to ZIF-67 alone, ZIF-67/GO demonstrated superior anion removal efficiency, highlighting its potential for water treatment applications.

     

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